Page Last Updated: 96.03.18


Design in Virtual Environments Using Architectural Metaphor

A HIT Lab Gallery

by

Dace A. Campbell

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree of

Master of Architecture

University of Washington

1996

Approved by Doug Zuberbuhler,
Chairperson of Supervisory Committee

Program Authorized
to Offer Degree: Architecture

Date: 15 March 1996


Master’s Thesis

In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master’s degree at the University of Washington, I agree that the Library shall make its copies freely available for inspection. I further agree that extensive copying of this thesis is allowable only for scholarly purposes, consistent with “fair use” as prescribed in the U.S. Copyright Law. Any other reproduction for any purposes or by any means shall not be allowed without my written permission.

Signature:
Date: 15 March 1996


University of Washington

Abstract

Design in Virtual Environments Using Architectural Metaphor
A HIT Lab Gallery

by Dace A. Campbell

Chairperson of Supervisory Committee: Professor Doug Zuberbuhler,
Department of Architecture

This thesis explores the application and limitations of architectural metaphor in the design of virtual environments. Architecture, whether physical or virtual, is the expression of a society realized as meaningful space. Physical and virtual architecture have their own constraints and context, yet both use architectural organization as a way to order forms and spaces in the environment. Both strive to create meaningful place by defining space, and both must allow the participant to develop a cognitive map to orient and navigate in the space. The lack of physics of time and space in the virtual realm requires special attention and expression of its architecture in order for the participant to cope with transitions. These issues are exemplified by the development of an on-line gallery of virtual environments. Conclusions reached by the development of this design are discussed in the context of orientation, navigation, transition, enclosure, and scale.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Figures
Introduction
Chapter I: Background

  • Architecture Defined
  • Example of Physical Architecture
  • Examples of Virtual Architecture
  • Theoretical Position
    Chapter II: Hypotheses
  • Constraints
  • Architectural Parti
  • Hyperlinks
  • Place
  • Cognition
    Chapter III: Methodology
  • Media
  • Face-to-Face Interaction
  • Virtual Interaction
    Chapter IV: Program
  • General
  • Specific
    Chapter V: Conclusions
  • Orientation
  • Navigation
  • Transition
  • Enclosure
  • Scale
    Chapter VI: Suggestions for Further Study
  • Multiple Senses
  • Language
  • "Irrational" Hyperlinks
  • Customization
  • Dynamic Environments
  • Multiple Participants
    List of References
  • Bibliography
  • Recommended Readings
    Appendix A: Technical Specifications and Related Issues
  • Technical Specifications
  • Related Issues
    Appendix B: World Wide Web Site
    Additional Material: VRML Model of Project


    LIST OF FIGURES
    Number
    1.1: Venn Diagram Relating Physical Architecture to Virtual Architecture
    1.2: Plan Diagram, Chartres Cathedral
    1.3: A Map of Diversity University MOO
    1.4: An Image of Fujitsu’s Habitat, Now Club Caribe
    1.5: eWorld’s Web City on the World Wide Web
    1.6: GreenSpace I
    1.7: Images from Worlds Chat
    1.8: Scenes from the Networked Game DESCENT
    1.9: “Liquid Architecture” by Marcos Novak
    4.1: Exterior View of the Gallery
    4.2: Axonometric Diagram of the Gallery
    4.3: Orthographic Views of the Gallery from the Exterior
    4.4: View of the Gallery as Seen from the Entry Vestibule
    4.5: View of the Circulation Spine, Connecting to the Galleries
    4.6: View of the Entry to the Galleries from the Circulation Spine
    4.7: Cross-Section and Interior Elevation Diagrams of Circulation Spine
    4.8: View within the PolyShop Gallery
    4.9: View within the GreenSpace Gallery
    4.10: View within the CEDeS Lab Gallery
    4.11: View within the UW CAUP Gallery
    4.12: Section Diagram Through a Typical Gallery
    4.13: View of the HyperlinkTunnel
    4.14: View of the Archive Space
    4.15: Another View of the Archive Space
    4.16: Section Diagrams of the Archive Space
    4.17: Section Diagrams of the Main Hall
    4.18: View of the Main Hall, with Enframed View of Void
    4.19: Another View of the Main Hall, Featuring Hyperlink Corridors


    ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

    The author wishes to express sincere appreciation to Professor James Davidson for his assistance and insight throughout the development of this project. In addition, special thanks to committee members Dr. Thomas Furness III and Professor Brian Johnson, and advisors Toni Emerson, Professor Diane Gromala, and Dr. Maxwell Wells. Thanks also to the staff, students, and volunteers at the Human Interface Technology Laboratory for their support and patience.