1
AN   4730366.
AU   Zyda-M-J.  Monahan-J-G.  Pratt-D-R.
     Edited by: Thalmann-N-M.  Thalmann-D.
IN   Dept. of Comput. Sci., Naval Postgraduate Sch., Monterey, CA, USA.
TI   NPSNET: physically-based modeling enhancements to an object file format.
SO   Published by: Springer-Verlag.  Tokyo, Japan.  1992.
RF   17 refs.
CT   Creating and Animating the Virtual World.  Geneva, Switzerland.  pp.
     35-52.  20-22 May 1992.
IB   4431700935.
LG   eng.
YR   1992.
PT   conference-proceeding (C).
TC   PRACTICAL OR PRODUCT REVIEW (P).
CP   Japan.
CC   C6130B.  C6120.
DE   digital-simulation.  engineering-graphics.  file-organisation. 
     image-texture.  naval-engineering-computing. 
     rendering-computer-graphics.
ID   prototyping time.  function library.  NPSNET.  physically-based modeling
     enhancements.  Naval Postgraduate School.  real-time three-dimensional
     simulators.  graphics workstations.  common object format.  object
     design.  object description file.  NPS Object File Format.  lights. 
     lighting.  material characteristics.  graphics drawing primitives. 
     texturing.  NPSOFF.  physically-based rendering.  internal/external
     forces.  dynamic characteristics.
AB   The Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) has actively explored the design and
     implementation of real-time three-dimensional simulators on low-cost,
     readily accessible graphics workstations.  Many of the simulator
     platforms have had tremendous success due to the fact that a common
     object format was used.  Prototyping time is dramatically reduced when
     the tedious and often repetitious task of object design is replaced with
     the simpler task of modifying an existing object description file.  The
     current level of support that the NPS Object File Format (NPSOFF)
     provides is descriptions for lights, lighting, material characteristics,
     the expected graphics drawing primitives, (lines, polygons, surfaces.  .
     .), and provisions for texturing and special lighting effects
     (spotlights, decaling,.  . .). The objectives of this work are the
     enhancement of the basic NPSOFF structure with information necessary for
     accurate physically-based rendering in real-time, to construct a library
     of functions specifying an object's physical properties and the
     internal/external forces controlling the object and to develop a tool to
     rapidly design and test an object's dynamic characteristics.
UP   9409.

2
AN   4383524.
AU   Falby-J-S.  Zyda-M-J.  Pratt-D-R.  Mackey-R-L.
IN   Dept. of Comput. Sci., Naval Postgraduate Sch., Monterey, CA, USA.
TI   NPSNET: hierarchical data structures for real-time three-dimensional
     visual simulation.
SO   Computers & Graphics.  vol.17, no.1.  pp. 65-9.  Jan.-Feb.  1993.
RF   22 refs.
IS   0097-8493.
CD   COGRD2.
LG   eng.
YR   1993.
PT   journal-article (J).
TC   PRACTICAL OR PRODUCT REVIEW (P).
RN   CCCC: 0097-8493/93/$6.00+.00.
CP   UK.
CC   C6130B.  C6120.
DE   computer-graphics.  real-time-systems.  tree-data-structures.
ID   NPSNET.  hierarchical data structures.  3D visual simulation systems. 
     terrain.  cultural features.  3D icons.  real-time.  quadtrees.
AB   3D visual simulation systems must present a world, including terrain,
     cultural features, and 3D icons, in real-time at a level of detail that
     supports the use for which the system is intended.  A 'simple' world
     lends itself to blasting all the polygons through the workstation's
     existing graphics pipeline.  However, a 'simple' world is not very
     realistic and/or does not operate in real-time.  For complex worlds, such
     as that modeled in NPSNET, providing high fidelity in real-time requires
     the use of hierarchical data structures.  The authors explore the
     implementation of such a structure on the world modeled by NPSNET
     utilizing quadtrees.
UP   9305.

3
AN   4366181.
AU   Zyda-M-J.  Pratt-D-R.  Osborne-W-D.  Manahan-J-G.
IN   Dept. of Comput. Sci., Naval Postgraduate Sch., Monterey, CA, USA.
TI   NPSNET: real-time collision detection and response.
SO   Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation.  vol.4, no.1.  pp.
     13-24.  Jan.-March 1993.
RF   13 refs.
IS   1049-8907.
CD   JVCAEO.
LG   eng.
YR   1993.
PT   journal-article (J).
TC   PRACTICAL OR PRODUCT REVIEW (P).
CP   UK.
CC   C6130B.  C6185.
DE   digital-simulation.  real-time-systems.  virtual-reality.
ID   3D virtual world.  NPSNET.  real-time collision detection.  3D visual
     simulator.  SIMNET terrain databases.  networking.  SGI IRIS graphics
     workstations.  NPSNET-2.
AB   The Graphics and Video Laboratory of the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS)
     is constructing a three dimensional (3D) virtual world called NPSNET. 
     NPSNET is a low-cost, commercial workstation-based 3D visual simulator
     that uses SIMNET terrain databases and networking.  NPSNET is programmed
     using off-the-shelf SGI IRIS graphics workstations, rather than the
     platform-specific nodes of SIMNET.  Part of the work in constructing the
     NPSNET world is detecting and resolving collisions in real-time.  Such
     collision detection and resolution has been accomplished and integrated
     into the latest version of NPSNET, NPSNET-2.  The detection of
     vehicle-weapon, vehicle-vehicle and vehicle-stationary non-vehicle
     collisions is performed throughout the virtual world.
UP   9305.